A native perennial called cardinal flower, Lobelia cardinalis typically grows in moist locations near streams, sloughs, springs, swamps, and low-wooded areas. It is a short-lived, clump-forming perennial with large, red flowers on unbranched, alternate-leafed stalks reaching 2-3 feet high. The two-lipped tubular flowers have three lobes on the lower lip and two lobes on the upper lip. The plant has dark green, lance-shaped leaves with fine teeth and blooms late in the summer. Butterflies and hummingbirds love the flowers, but cardinals don't. There also exist white and rose-colored versions.
Growing in full sun to part shade is easy, and rich, medium-to-wet soils are preferred. The plant is adaptable to brief flooding but requires constant moisture, so keeping the ground moist is essential. It tolerates full sun in northern climates but prefers part of the afternoon shade in hot climates of the lower Midwest and South. Additionally, mulch will help retain moisture and keep the soil cool.
